中国野菜野果的识别与利用·野菜卷

本书内容丰富，语言通俗易懂，图文并茂，不仅可作为部队、户外爱好者、大中学校学生野外生存训练的教材，还可作为农副产品开发利用、增加农民收入、丰富农业结构多样性的参考书，亦适合于野菜野果爱好者、野菜野果开发部门、医药保·健、食品烹饪、宾馆饭店、植物教学及科研人员阅读收藏。

林祁，博士，中国科学院植物研究所研究员，现在系统与进化国·家重点实验室工作。曾任中国科学院华南植物研究所标本馆主管、国·家植物标本馆副馆长、常务副馆长等职。编研出版了国·家级有重要影响的植物分类学巨著《中国高等植物》（共14卷）及其修订版，该书获得“第三届中国出版政府奖”。

第一部分　概述

一、野菜野果的含义　/2

二、野菜野果的特点　/2

三、野菜野果采食的注意事项　/3

四、野菜野果形态识别的名词与术语　/7

（一）藻类　/7

（二）菌物类　/7

（三）根　/9

（四）茎　/10

（五）叶　/13

（六）花　/17

（七）果实和种子　/20

（八）附属器官、毛被、质地　/22

五、野菜野果的分类　/26

六、野菜野果资源的利用　/27

七、野菜野果的食用方法　/28

第二部分　野菜类群

一、藻类野菜　/33

1. 地木耳 Nostoc commune Vaucher ex Bornet & Flahault　/34

2. 软丝藻Ulothrix flacca (Dillwyn) Thuret　/35

3. 礁膜Monostromani tedium Wittr.　/35

4. 浒苔Ulva prolifera O.F. Müller　/36

5. 缘管浒苔Ulva linza Linnaeus　/36

6. 孔石莼Ulva pertusa Kjellman　/37

7. 刺松藻Codium fragile (Suringar) Hariot　/37

8. 红毛菜Bangia fuscopurpurea (Dillwyn) Lyngbye　/38

9. 条斑紫菜Pyropia yezoensis (Ueda) M.S. Hwang & H.G. Choi　/38

10. 坛紫菜Pyropia haitanensis (T.J.Chang & B.F.Zheng) N.Kikuchi & M.Miyata/39

11. 海索面Nemalion vermiculare Suringar 　/39

12. 石花菜Gelidium amansii (Lamouroux) Lamouroux　/40

13. 拟鸡毛菜Pterocladiella capillacea (Gmelin) Santelices & Hommersand　/40

14. 海萝Gloiopeltis furcata (Postels & Ruprecht) J. Agardh 　/41

15. 黏管藻Gloiosiphonia capillaris (Hudson) Carmichael　/41

16. 蜈蚣藻Grateloupia filicina (Lamouroux) C. Agardh　/42

17. 舌状蜈蚣藻Grateloupia livida (Harvey) Yamada　/42

18. 中间软刺藻Chondracanthus intermedius (Suringar) Hommersand　/43

19. 角叉菜Chondrus ocellatus Holmes　/43

20. 日本马泽藻Mazzaella japonica (Mikami) Hommersand　/44

21. 冻沙菜Hypnea japonica Tanaka　/44

22. 细弱红翎菜Solieria tenuis Xia & Zhang　/45

23. 龙须菜Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Bory de Saint-Vincent) E.Y.Dawson,Acleto & Foldvik　/45

24. 真江蓠Gracilaria lvermiculophylla (Ohmi) Papenfuss　/46

25. 凤尾菜Gracilaria eucheumatoides Harvey　/46

26. 钩凝菜Campylaephora hypnaeoides J. Agardh　/47

27. 三叉仙菜Ceramium kondoi Yendo　/47

28. 铁钉菜Ishige okamurae Yendo　/48

29. 叶状铁钉菜Ishige foliacea Okamura　/48

30. 幅叶藻Petalonia binghamiae (J. Agardh) K.L. Vinogradova　/49

31. 萱藻Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) Link　/49

32. 裙带菜Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar　/50

33. 海带Saccharina japonica (Areschoug) C. Lane, Mayes, Druehl & G.W.Saunders　/50

34. 鹿角菜 Silvetia siliquosa (Tseng & C. F. Chang) Serrao, Cho, Boo & Brawley /51

35. 羊栖菜Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setchell　/52

36. 铜藻Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh　/53

二、菌物类野菜　/55

1. 冬虫夏草 Ophiocordyceps sinensis（Berk.）Sacc　/56

2. 蛹虫草 Cordyceps malitaris (L. ) Fr.　/57

3. 小羊肚菌 Morchella deliciosa Fr.　/57

4. 羊肚菌 Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers.　/58

5. 黑脉羊肚菌 Morchella angusticepes Peck　/59

6. 木耳 Auricularia auricular-judae (Bull.) Quel. /60

7. 皱木耳 Auricularia delicata (Fr.) Henn.　/61

8. 毛木耳 Auricularia polytricha (Mont.) Sacc.　/61

9. 金耳 Tremella aurantialba Bandoni & Zang　/62

10.银耳 Tremella fuciformis Berk.　/62

11. 橙黄银耳 Tremella lutescens Pers & Fr.　/63

12. 粗糙肉齿菌 Sarcodon scabrosus (Fr.) Karst　/63

13. 鸡油菌 Cantharellus cibarius Fr.　/64

14. 灵芝 Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. ex Fr.) Karst.　/65

15. 牛舌菌 Fistulina hepatica Fr.　/66

16. 猴头菇 Hericium erinaceus (Bull. ex Fr.) Pers.　/66

17. 茯苓 Wolfiporia cocos (F. A. Wolf) Ryyarden & Gilh.　/67

18. 干巴菌 Thelephora vialis Schw.　/67

19. 白林地菇 Agaricus silvicola (Vitt.) Sacc.　/68

20. 赤褐鹅膏 Amanita fulva (Schaeff.) Pers. ex Sing.　/68

21. 铆钉菇 Gomphidius viscidus (L.) Fr.　/69

22. 紫晶蜡蘑 Laccaria amethystea (Bull.) Murr.　/69

23. 小果鸡枞菌 Termitomyces microcarpus (Berk.& Br.)Heim.　/70

24. 条纹鸡枞菌 Termitomyces striatus (Beel.)Heim. 　/70

25. 香菇 Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler　/71

26. 密环菌 Armillariella mellea (Vahl. ex Fr.) Karst.　/72

27. 长根小奥德蘑 Hymenopellis radicata (Reihan) R. H. Petersen　/73

28. 侧耳 Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) Quél.　/74

29. 肺形侧耳 Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél.　/75

30. 草菇 Volvariella volvacea (Bull. ex Fr.) Sing.　/75

31. 松乳菇 Lactarius deliciosus (L. ex Fr.) S. F. Gray　/76

32. 红汁乳菇 Lactarius hatsudake Tanaka　/77

33. 血红菇 Russula sanguine (Bull.) Fr.　/77

34. 绿菇 Russula virescens (Schaeff. ex Zented.) Fr.　/78

35. 毛柄金钱菌 Flammulina velutipes (Curt. ex Fr.) Sing.　/78

36. 花脸香蘑 Lepista sordida (Schum. ex Fr.) Sing.　/79

37. 松茸 Tricholoma matsutake (S. Ito & Imai) Sing.　/79

38. 蒙古口蘑 Tricholoma mongolicum Lami　/80

39. 双色牛肝菌 Boletus bicolor Peck　/80

40. 小美牛肝菌 Boletus speceosus Frost　/81

41. 褐疣柄牛肝菌 Leccinum scabrum (Bull. ex Fr.) Gray　/81

42. 短裙竹荪 Dictyophora duplicata ( Bosc. ) Fisch.　/82

43. 长裙竹荪 Dictyophora indusiata ( Vent. ex Pers.) Fisch.　/82

44. 石耳 Umbilicaria esculenta (Miyoshi) Minks　/83

三、蕨类野菜　/85

1. 七指蕨Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook. 　/86

2. 食用莲座蕨Angiopteris esculenta Ching 　/86

3. 福建莲座蕨Angiopteris fokiensis Hieron.　/87

4. 紫萁Osmunda japonica Thunb. 　/88

5. 蕨Pteridium aquilinum (Linn.) Kuhn var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. ex Heller /89

6. 食蕨Pteridium esculentum (Forst.) Cokayne 　/90

7. 毛轴蕨Pteridium revolutum (Bl.) Nakai　/91

8. 乳头凤了蕨 Coniogramme rosthornii Hieron. 　/92

9. 尖齿凤了蕨Coniogramme affinis (Presl) Hieron. 　/92

10. 普通凤了蕨Coniogramme intermedia Hieron.　/93

11. 疏网凤了蕨Coniogramme wilsonii Hieron.　/93

12. 凤了蕨Coniogramme japonica (Thunb.) Diels 　/94

13. 水蕨Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn. 　/94

14. 星毛蕨Ampelopteris prolifera (Retz.) Cop.  　/95

15. 荚果蕨Matteucci struthiopteris (L.) Todaro　/95

16. 东方荚果蕨 Pentarhizidium orientale (Hook.) Hayata　/96

17. 狗脊 Woodwardia japonica (L. f.) Smith　/96

18. 中华蹄盖蕨 Athyrium sinense Rupr. 　/97

19. 食用双盖蕨 Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Swartz　/98

20. 肾蕨Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl　/99

四、被子植物野菜　/101

（一）根类野菜　/101

1. 何首乌  Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Haralds.　/102

2. 蕨麻  Potentilla anserina L.　/103

3. 翻白草Potentilla discolor Bunge　/104

4. 土儿Apios fortunei Maxim.　/104

5. 鸡头薯Eriosema chinense Vog.　/105

6. 三裂叶野葛Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth.　/105

7. 葛 Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr.　/106

8. 食用葛Pueraria edulis Pampan.　/107

9. 蒙古黄耆 Astragalus mongholicus Bunge　/107

10. 甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC.　/108

11. 胀果甘草Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal.　/108

12. 粗毛甘草Glycyrrhiza aspera Pall.　/109

13. 竹节参Panax japonicus （T. Ness）C. A. Mey.　/109

14. 三七Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F. H. Chen ex C. Chow & W. G. Huang　/110

15. 人参Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.　/110

16. 明党参Changium smyrnioides H. Wolff　/111

17. 辽藁本Ligusticum jeholense (Nakai & Kitag.) Nakai & Kitag.　/111

18. 当归Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels　/112

19. 珊瑚菜Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schmidt ex Miq.　/112

20. 白首乌Cynanchum bungei Decaisne　/113

21. 打碗花Calystegia hederacea Wall.　/113

22. 鼓子花Calystegia silvatica (Kitaib.) Griseb. subsp. orientalis Brummitt　/114

23. 七爪龙Ipomoea mauritiana Jacq.　/114

24. 小野芝麻Galeobdolon chinense (Benth.) C. Y. Wu　/115

25. 块根小野芝麻 Galeobdolon tuberiferum (Makino) C. Y. Wu　/115

26. 甘西鼠尾草Salvia przewalskii Maxim.　/116

27. 丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge　/117

28. 南丹参Salvia bowleyana Dunn　/118

29. 鸡肉参Incarvillea mairei (Lévl.) Grierson　/118

30. 羊乳Codonopsis lanceolata (Sieb. & Zucc.) Trautv.　/119

31. 党参Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf.　/120

32. 管花党参Codonopsis tubulosa Kom.　/121

33. 桔梗Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC.　/122

34. 杏叶沙参 Adenophora petiolata Pax & Hoffm. subsp. hunanensis (Nannf.) D. Y.Hong & S. Ge　/123

35. 轮叶沙参 Adenophora tetraphylla (Thunb.) Fisch.　/124

36. 牛蒡Arctium lappa L.　/124

……

（二）茎类野菜　/133

1. 蕺菜Houttuynia cordata Thunb.　/134

2. 胡杨Populus euphratica Oliv.　/135

3. 印度蛇菰Balanophora indica (Arn.) Griff.　/135

4. 莲 Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.　/136

5. 萍蓬草Nuphar pumila (Timm.) DC.　/137

6. 睡莲Nymphaea tetragona Georgi　/137

7. 延药睡莲Nymphaea nouchali N. L. Burm.　/138

8. 阴香Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees & T. Nees) Bl.　/138

9. 肉桂Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D. Don　/139

10. 大叶子Astilboides tabularis (Hemsl.) Engl.　/139

11. 七叶鬼灯檠Rodgersia aesculifolia Batalin　/140

12. 羽叶鬼灯檠Rodgersia pinnata Franch.　/140

13. 锁阳Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.　/141

14. 鸭儿芹Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk.　/141

15. 短果茴芹Pimpinella brachycarpa (Kom.) Nakai　/142

16. 白芷Angelica dahurica (Fisch. ex Hoffm.) Benth. & J.D. Hook. ex Franch. & Sav. /142

17. 菟丝子Cuscuta chinensis Lam.　/143

18. 金灯藤Cuscuta japonica Choisy　/143

19. 甘露子Stachys sieboldii Miq. 　/144

20. 地蚕Stachys geobombycis C. Y. Wu　/144

21. 地笋Lycopus lucidus Turcz. ex Benth.　/145

22. 肉苁蓉Cistanche deserticola Ma　/146

23. 盐生肉苁蓉Cistanche salsa (C. A. Mey.) G. Beck　/147

24. 列当Orobanche coerulescens Steph. 　/147

25. 草苁蓉Boschniakia rossica (Cham. & Schlecht.) Fedtsch.　/148

26. 粗毛淫羊藿Epimedium acuminatum Franch.　/148

27. 淫羊藿Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.　/149

28. 菊芋Helianthus tuberosus L.　/150

29. 车筒竹Bambusa sinospinosa McClure　/151

30. 木竹Bambusa rutila McClure　/152

31. 大眼竹Bambusa eutuldoides McClure　/153

32. 青秆竹Bambusa tuldoides Munro　/154

33. 花竹Bambusa albolineata L. C. Chia　/155

34. 孝顺竹Bambusa multiplex (Lour.) Raeusch. ex J. A. & J. H. Schult.　/156

35. 粉箪竹Bambusa chungii McClure　/157

36. 料慈竹Bambusa distegia (Keng & P. C. Keng) L. C. Chia & H. L. Fung　/158

37. 慈竹Bambusa emeiensis L. C. Chia & H. L. Fung　/159

38. 黄竹Dendrocalamus membranaceus Munro 　/160

39. 大叶慈Dendrocalamus farinosus (Keng & P. C. Keng) L. C. Chia & H. L. Fung /161

40. 麻竹 Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro 　/162

41. 泡竹Pseudostachyum polymorphum Munro　/163

42. 酸竹 Acidosasa chinensis C. D. Chu & C. S. Chao ex P. C. Keng　/164

43. 黄甜竹Acidosasa edulis (T. H. Wen) T. H. Wen　/165

44. 巴山木竹Arundinaria fargesii E.G. Camus　/166

45. 摆竹 Indosasa shibataeoides McClure 　/167

46. 中华大节竹Indosasa sinica C. D. Chu & C. S. Chao 　/168

47. 刺黑竹Chimonobambusa purpurea Hsueh & T. P. Yi 　/169

48. 筇竹Chimonobambusa tumidissinoda Hsueh & T. P. Yi ex Ohrnberger　/170

49. 金佛山方竹Chimonobambusa utilis (Keng) P. C. Keng　/171

50. 方竹 Chimonobambusa quadrangularis (Fenzi) Makino　/172

51. 金竹 Phyllostachys sulphurea (Carr.) A. & C. Riv.　/173

52. 毛环竹Phyllostachys meyeri McClure 　/174

53. 人面竹Phyllostachys aurea Carr. ex A. & C. Riv.　/175

54. 石绿竹Phyllostachys arcana McClure　/176

55. 淡竹Phyllostachys glauca McClure 　/177

56. 早园竹Phyllostachys propinqua McClure 　/178

57. 曲竿竹Phyllostachys flexuosa (Carr.) A. & C. Riv. 　/179

58. 红哺鸡竹Phyllostachys iridescens C. Y. Yao & S. Y. Chen 　/180

59. 乌哺鸡竹Phyllostachys vivax McClure 　/181

60. 早竹Phyllostachys violascens (Carr.) A . & C. Riv.　/182

61. 毛竹Phyllostachys edulis (Carr.) J. Houzeau　/183

62. 假毛竹Phyllostachys kwangsiensis W. Y. Hsiung, Q. H. Dai & J. K. Liu　/184

63. 紫竹 Phyllostachys nigra (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Munro　/185

64. 红壳雷竹Phyllostachys incarnata T. H. Wen　/186

65. 白哺鸡竹Phyllostachys dulcis McClure　/187

66. 灰水竹Phyllostachys platyglossa Z. P. Wang & Z. H. Yu　/188

67. 桂竹Phyllostachys reticulata (Rupr.) K. Koch　/189

68. 甜笋竹Phyllostachys elegans McClure　/ 190

69. 篌竹Phyllostachys nidularia Munro　/191

70. 水竹Phyllostachys heteroclada Oliv.　/192

71. 菰Zizania latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz. ex Stapf　/193

72. 芦苇Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. 　/194

73. 甜根子草Saccharum spontaneum L. 　/194

74. 南荻Miscanthus lutarioriparius L. Liu ex Renvoize & S. L. Chen　/195

75. 荻Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim.) Hackel　/195

76. 白茅Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel　/196

77. 花魔芋Amorphophallus konjac K. Koch　/197

78. 芋Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott　/198

79. 野慈姑Sagittaria trifolia L.　/198

80. 黄藤Daemonorops jenkinsiana (Griff.) Mart.　/199

81. 江边刺葵Phoenix roebelenii O’Brien　/200

82. 棕榈Trachycarpus fortunei (Hook.) H. Wendl.　/200

83. 棕竹Rhapis excelsa (Thunb.) Henry　/201

84. 董棕Caryota obtusa Griff.　/201

85. 鱼尾葵Caryota maxima Bl. ex Mart　/202

86. 短穗鱼尾葵Caryota mitis Lour. 　/203

87. 山棕Arenga engleri Becc.　/204

88. 东方香蒲Typha orientalis Presl　/205

89. 宽叶香蒲Typha latifolia L.　/206

90. 无苞香蒲Typha laxmannii Lepech.　/206

91. 水烛Typha angustifolia L.　/207

92. 小香蒲Typha minima Funck ex Hoppe　/207

93. 水葱Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (C. C. Gmel.) Palla　/208

94. 白背牛尾菜 Smilax nipponica Miq.　/208

95. 牛尾菜Smilax riparia A. DC.　/209

96. 黑果菝葜Smilax glaucochina Warb.　/209

97. 土茯苓Smilax glabra Roxb.　/210

98. 抱茎菝葜Smilax ocreata A. DC.　/211

99. 肖菝葜Heterosmilax japonica Kunth　/211

100. 伊贝母Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk ex Fischer & C. A. Meyer　/212

……

161. 石斛Dendrobium nobile Lindl.　/250

162. 细茎石斛Dendrobium moniliforme （L.）Sw.　/250

163. 黄石斛Dendrobium catenatum Lindl.　/251

其他种类　/251

（三）叶类野菜　/253

1. 假蒟 Piper sarmentosum Roxb. 　/254

2. 旱柳Salix matsudana Koidz.　/254

3. 垂柳Salix babylonica L.　/255

4. 杞柳 Salix integra Thunb.　/255

5. 狭叶荨麻Urtica angustifolia Fisch. ex Hornem.　/256

6. 荨麻Urtica fissa E. Pritz.　/256

7. 苎麻Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich.　/257

8. 糯米团Gonostegia hirta (Bl. ex Hassk.) Miq.　/257

9. 赤苍藤Erythropalum scandens Bl.　/258

10. 萹蓄Polygonum aviculare L.　/258

11. 马蓼 Polygonum lapathifolium L.　/259

12. 红蓼Polygonum orientale L.　/259

13. 辣蓼Polygonum hydropiper L.　/260

14. 火炭母Polygonum chinense L.　/260

15. 虎杖Reynoutria japonica Houtt.　/261

16. 金荞 Fagopyrum dibotrys (D. Don) H. Hara　/261

17. 酸模Rumex acetosa L.　/262

18. 皱叶酸模Rumex crispus L.　/262

19. 波叶大黄Rheum rhabarbarum L.　/263

20. 药用大黄Rheum officinale Baill. 　/263

21. 灰绿藜 Chenopodium glaucum L.　/264

22. 杖藜 Chenopodium giganteum D. Don 　/264

23. 小藜Chenopodium ficifolium Smith　/265

24. 藜Chenopodium album L.　/265

25. 地肤Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.　/266

26. 猪毛菜Salsola collina Pall.　/266

27. 盐地碱蓬Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall.　/267

28. 青葙Celosia argentea L.　/268

29. 反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus L.　/268

30. 刺苋Amaranthus spinosus L.　/269

31. 苋Amaranthus tricolor L.　/269

32. 皱果苋Amaranthus viridis L.　/270

33. 凹头苋Amaranthus blitum L.　/270

34. 牛膝Achyranthes bidentata Bl.　/271

35. 莲子草Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC.　/272

36. 喜旱莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.　/272

37. 商陆Phytolacca acinosa Roxb.　/273

38. 番杏Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pall.) Kuntze.　/273

39. 马齿苋Portulaca oleracea L.　/274

40. 荷莲豆草Drymaria cordata (L.) Schultes　/274

41. 雀舌草Stellaria alsine Grimm　/275

42. 鹅肠菜Myosoton aquaticum (L.) Moench　/275

43. 莼菜Brasenia schrebgeri J. F. Gmel.　/276

44. 香桂Cinnamomum subavenium Miq.　/276

45. 羊角菜 Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briquet　/277

46. 树头菜Crateva unilocularis Buch.-Ham.　/277

47. 斑果藤Stixis suaveoleus (Roxb.) Pierre　/278

48. 诸葛菜Orychophragmus violaceus (L.) O. E. Schulz　/278

49. 北美独行菜Lepidium virginicum L.　/279

50. 独行菜Lepidium apetalum Willd.　/279

51. 菘蓝 Isatis tinctoria L.　/280

52. 沙芥Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn.　/280

53. 斧翅沙芥Pugionium dolabratum Maxim.　/281

54. 高河菜Megacarpaea delavayi Franch.　/282

55. 菥蓂 Thlaspi arvense L.　/283

56. 荠Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic.　/284

57. 大叶碎米荠Cardamine macrophylla Willd.　/285

58. 白花碎米荠Cardamine leucantha (Tausch) O. E. Schulz　/285

59. 水田碎米荠Cardamine lyrata Bunge　/286

60. 弹裂碎米荠Cardamine impatiens L. 　/287

61. 碎米荠Cardamine hirsuta L.　/288

62. 弯曲碎米荠Cardamine flexuosa With.　/288

63. 蔊菜Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern　/289

64. 无瓣蔊菜Rorippa dubia (Pers.) Hara　/289

65. 风花菜Rorippa globosa (Turcz. ex Fisch. & Mey.) Hayek　/290

66. 沼生蔊菜Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser　/290

67. 豆瓣菜Nasturtium officinale R. Br.　/291

68. 播娘蒿Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl　/291

69. 伯乐树Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl.　/292

70. 费菜Phedimus aizoon (L.) Hart　/293

71. 凹叶景天Sedum emarginatum Migo　/293

72. 垂盆草Sedum sarmentosum Bunge　/294

73. 佛甲草Sedum lineare Thunb.　/294

74. 扯根菜Penthorum chinense Pursh.　/295

75. 杜仲Eucommia ulmoides Oliver　/296

76. 竹叶鸡爪茶Rubus bambusarum Focke 　/296

77. 鸡爪茶Rubus henryi Hemsl. & Kuntze　/297

78. 金露梅Potentilla fruticosa L.　/297

79. 银露梅Potentilla glabra Lodd.　/298

80. 委陵菜Potentilla chinensis Ser.　/299

81. 朝天委陵菜Potentilla supina L.　/299

82. 匍枝委陵菜Potentilla flagellaris Willd. ex Schlecht　/300

83. 龙芽草Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.　/300

84. 地榆Sanguisorba officinalis L.　/301

85. 山皂荚Gleditsia japonica Miq.　/301

86. 胡枝子Lespedeza bicolor Turcz.　/302

87. 鸡眼草Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl.　/302

88. 长萼鸡眼草Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino　/303

89. 天蓝苜蓿Medicago lupulina L.　/303

90. 紫苜蓿Medicago sativa L.　/304

91. 南苜蓿Medicago polymorpha L.　/305

92. 歪头菜Vicia unijuga A. Br.　/305

93. 野豌豆Vicia sepium L.　/306

94. 救荒野豌豆Vicia sativa L.　/307

95. 酢浆草Oxalis corniculata L.　/307

96. 香椿Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem.　/308

97. 守宫木Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. 　/309

98. 黄连木Pistacia chinensis Bunge　/309

99. 扣树Ilex kaushue S. Y. Hu　/310

100. 五棱苦丁茶Ilex pentagona S. K. Chen, Y. X. Feng & C. F. Liang　/310

101. 显齿蛇葡萄 Ampelopsis grossedentata (Hand.-Mazz.) W. T. Wang　/311

102. 乌敛莓Cayratia japonica (Thunb.) Gagnep.　/311

103. 甜麻Corchorus aestuans L.　/312

104. 野葵Malva verticillata L.　/312

105. 野西瓜苗Hibiscus trionum L.　/313

106. 如意草Viola arcuata Bl.　/313

107. 茶Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze　/314

108. 鸡腿堇菜Viola acuminata Ledeb.　/315

109. 紫花堇菜Viola grypoceras A. Gray　/315

110. 球果堇菜Viola collina Bess.　/316

111. 长萼堇菜 Viola inconspicua Bl. 　/317

112. 戟叶堇菜 Viola betonicifolia Smith　/317

113. 紫花地丁Viola philippica Cav.　/318

114. 早开堇菜Viola prionantha Bunge　/318

115. 千屈菜Lythrum salicaria L.　/319

116. 圆叶节节菜Rotala rotundifolia (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Koehne　/319

117. 节节菜Rotala indica (Willd.) Koehne　/320

118. 柳叶菜Epilobium hirsutum L.　/320

119. 刺楸Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz.　/321

120. 细柱五加Eleutherococcus nodiflorus (Dunn) S. Y. Hu　/321

121. 刺五加Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim.　/322

122. 白簕Eleutherococcus trifoliatus (L.) S. Y. Hu　/322

123. 楤木Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.　/323

124. 天胡荽Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.　/323

125. 积雪草Centella asiatica (L.) Urban　/324

126. 红花变豆菜Sanicula rubriflora F. Schmidt ex Maxim.　/324

127. 变豆菜Sanicula chinensis Bunge　/325

128. 小窃衣Torilis japonica (Houtt.) DC.　/325

129. 水芹Oenanthe javanica (Bl.) DC.　/326

130. 拐芹Angelica polymorpha Maxim.　/327

131. 黑水当归Angelica amurensis Schischk.　/328

132. 绿花山芹Ostericum viridiflorum （Turcz.） Kitag.　/328

133. 大齿山芹Ostericum grosseserratum (Maxim.) Kitag.　/329

134. 防风Saposhnikovia divaricata（Turcz.）Schischk.　/330

135. 野胡萝卜Daucus carota L.　/331

136. 南烛 Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb.　/331

137. 酸苔菜Ardisia solanacea Roxb.　/332

138. 酸藤子Embelia laeta (L.) Mez.　/332

139. 矮桃Lysimachia clethroides Duby　/333

140. 荇菜Nymphoides peltata (Gmel.) Kuntze　/333

141. 附地菜Trigonotis peduncularis (Trev.) Benth. ex Baker & S. Moore　/334

142. 山茄子Brachybotrys paridiformis Maxim. ex Oliv.　/334

143. 豆腐柴Premna microphylla Turcz.　/335

144. 黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi　/335

145. 藿香Agastache rugosa (Fisch. & C. Mey.) Kuntze　/336

146. 荆芥Nepeta cataria L.　/336

147. 活血丹Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kupr.　/337

148. 夏枯草Prunella vulgaris L.　/337

149. 山菠菜Prunella asiatica Nakai　/338

150. 短柄野芝麻Lamium album L.　/338

151. 野芝麻Lamium barbatum Sieb. & Zucc.　/339

152. 益母草Leonurus japonicus Houtt.　/339

153. 薄荷Mentha canadensis L.　/340

154. 留兰香Mentha spicata L.　/340

155. 紫苏Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.　/341

156. 东紫苏Elsholtzia bodinieri Vaniot　/341

157. 水香薷Elsholtzia kachinensis Prain　/342

158. 香薷Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyland.　/342

159. 凉粉草Mesona chinensis Benth.　/343

160. 肾茶Clerodendranthus spicatus (Thunb.) C. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li　/343

161. 蚊母草Veronica peregrina L.　/344

162. 婆婆纳Veronica polita Fries　/344

163. 绞股蓝Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino　/345

164. 大车前Plantago major L.　/346

165. 车前Plantago asiatica L.　/346

166. 平车前Plantago depressa Willd.　/347

167. 少蕊败酱Patrinia monandra C. B. Clarke　/347

168. 败酱 Patrinia scabiosifolia Link　/348

169. 攀倒甑Patrinia villosa (Thunb.) Dufresne　/348

170. 泥胡菜 Hemisteptia lyrata (Bunge) Fischer & C. A. Meyer　/349

171. 刺儿菜Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. var. integrifolium Wimm. & Grab.　/349

172. 鸦葱Scorzonera austriaca Willd.　/350

173. 桃叶鸦葱Scorzonera sinensis (Lipsch. & Krasch.) Nakai 　/350

174. 翅果菊Lactuca indica L.　/351

175. 苣荬菜Sonchus wightianus DC.　/351

176. 花叶滇苦菜 Sonchus asper (L.) Hill　/352

177. 苦苣菜Sonchus oleraceus L.　/352

178. 黄鹌菜Youngia japonica (L. ) DC.　/353

179. 稻槎菜Lapsanastrum apogonoides (Maxim.) Pak & K. Brem.　/353

……

223. 玉簪Hosta plantaginea (Lam.) Aschers.　/379

224. 红球姜Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Smith　/380

225. 蘘荷Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Rosc.　/380

226. 阳荷Zingiber striolatum Diels　/381

其他种类　/381

（四）花类野菜　/383

1. 牡丹Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.　/384

2. 紫斑牡丹 Paeonia rockii (S. G. Haw & L. A. Lauener) T. Hong & J. J. Li　/384

3. 芍药Paeonia lactiflora Pall.　/385

4. 川赤芍Paeonia anomala L. subsp. veitchii (Lynch) D. Y. Hong & K. Y. Pan　/385

5. 玉兰Yulania denudata （Desr.） D. L. Fu　/386

6. 含笑花Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng.　/386

7. 月季花Rosa chinensis Jacq.　/387

8. 合欢Albizia julibrissin Durazz.　/388

9. 白刺槐Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels　/389

10. 槐Sophora japonica L.　/389

11. 紫藤Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Sweet　/390

12. 藤萝Wisteria villosa Rehd.　/390

13. 刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia L.　/391

14. 紫雀花Parochetus communis Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don　/391

15. 锦鸡儿Caragana sinica (Buc’hoz) Rehd.　/392

16. 黄槿Hibiscus tiliaceus L.　/392

17. 朱槿Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.　/393

18. 木芙蓉Hibiscus mutabilis L.　/393

19. 木槿Hibiscus syriacus L.　/394

20. 木棉Bombax ceiba L.　/394

21. 迎红杜鹃Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz.　/395

22. 杜鹃 Rhododendron simsii Planch.　/395

23. 宁波木樨Osmanthus cooperi Hemsl.　/396

24. 木樨Osmanthus fragrans Lour.　/396

25. 栀子Gardenia jasminoides Ellis　/397

26. 紫斑风铃草Campanula punctata Lam.　/397

27. 忍冬Lonicera japonica Thunb.　/398

28. 大花忍冬 Lonicera macrantha (D. Don) Spreng. 　/398

29. 细毡毛忍冬Lonicera similis Hemsl.　/399

30. 水忍冬Lonicera confusa DC.　/399

31. 盘叶忍冬Lonicera tragophylla Hemsl.　/400

32. 水母雪兔子Saussurea medusa Maxim.　/400

33. 绵头雪兔子Saussurea laniceps Hand.-Mazz.　/401

34. 甘菊Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium (Fisch. ex Trautv.) Makino　/401

35. 黄花菜Hemerocallis citrine Baroni　/402

36. 北黄花菜Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus L.　/403

37. 舞花姜Globba racemosa Smith.　/403

38. 姜黄Curcuma longa L.　/404

39. 姜花Hedychium coronarium Koen.　/404

其他种类　/405

中文名称索引 　/406

拉丁学名索引 　/412

参考文献 　/421

编者及工作单位　/423

本书承蒙以下项目的大力支持　/425